Sunday, October 31, 2021

One Question – Five Answers

Earlier this week I saw a tweet from Jo Morgan about a broken question that appeared in an end-of-topic test produced by an exam board for KS4 pupils.

Clearly, that's not helpful in a test, because it might confuse students, particularly if two friends answer it in different ways and get different, but reasonable answers!

It is, though, a great task to use with A-level students who need to revise the sine rule and cosine rule.

Here is the original question (taken from Jo's tweet):

Yr 12 could be asked about the problem with the original question, or could be told that not only has too much information been provided, but that it is not internally consistent (which is what leads to the problem with different answers being produced/possible).

They could then be told to ignore one piece of information each time and to work out the answer each time.  The neat thing about this is that a different strategy is required each time.  Here are the six things I could think of to remove:

  • Version 1:  Remove the 19cm
  • Version 2:  Remove the right angle
  • Version 3:  Remove the 35°
  • Version 4:  Remove the 10cm
  • Version 5:  Remove the x and the 2x
  • Version 6:  Remove the need for ADC to be a straight line

To my surprise, two of these gave the same answer for angle y.  Can they predict which two? 

Then: which two pieces of information can be removed, still leaving a question that can be answered?

This is available as a worksheet (with all eight versions shown with diagrams).  I suspect the second page is the only one that is necessary for the students to have.

Here is the final diagram, with two of the original pieces of information removed.  (It is still possible to calculate y.)

Version 7:  Remove the 10cm and the 19cm







Saturday, October 02, 2021

Another day, another Ofqual consultation

Another day, another Ofqual consultation, this time about the way Ofqual propose teachers should collect evidence to support the awarding of TAGs, should they be needed, in 2022.  It would be easy to ignore this one, figuring that the important guidelines about exams in the summer of 2022 have been published now (with detail of topics to follow in February).

The proposals in this new consultation will affect all students in Yr 11 and Yr 13, and their teachers, regardless of whether exams go ahead as planned or not.  For this reason, please respond.

The first thing to note is that these proposals appear to be there as a fall-back option, in case exams have to be cancelled for future public health reasons.  They are not in place to mitigate any unfairness caused by previous school closures, or the greater amount of schooling missed in different parts of the country, or the disparity in access to remote teaching and/or ICT, etc. 

Could exams have taken place last summer?  Yes – they could.  Exam halls are usually big, well-ventilated spaces and students are automatically socially distanced there anyway.  Given the huge desire (from Ofqual, DfE, etc) to return over the next two years to a grading system that is similar to 2019, it seems vastly unlikely that exams will be cancelled this academic year.  So whatever is included in this consultation is extremely unlikely to be implemented.  It must, therefore, be proportionate and should not detract from what students would otherwise be doing, or cause additional work for teachers.

Here are some of the key features that are being proposed:

b.         [...] A sensible pattern could be to plan to assess students once in each of the second half of the autumn term, the spring term, and the first half of the summer term.

c.         When carrying out assessments that could be used towards TAGs, centres should assess students in ways that are as useful as possible for students expecting to take exams next summer by creating assessment opportunities that replicate, in full or part, exam board papers (past papers could be used, in full or part, where appropriate). Such assessments will also help to inform teaching and learning.

e.         Each assessment should only cover subject content that students have been taught at the time of the assessment and not include questions on topics they are yet to study. The range of planned assessments should mean that students are prepared to be assessed on the full range of content they will have been taught.

Ordinarily, schools would carry out mock exams with Yr 13 and Yr 11 students.  In many schools/colleges these happen in the late autumn (Nov/Dec) and in the early spring (Feb/Mar is common).  It would fit well with the timetable suggested in the guidance for these mock exams to be used as evidence for TAGs.

There are several problems with this.  The proposed guidance continues:

l.          Teachers should mark the work and carry out any internal standardisation of the marking, in line with exam board guidance where appropriate. Students should be provided with feedback, which could include marks or comments, but teachers must not determine a TAG unless exams are cancelled nor tell their students what their TAG might be.

This needs more clarity.  Marks can be given to the students but not TAGs.  What about mock exam grades?  The students need these mock exam grades to inform their understanding of the level they are working at.  Their teachers, particularly in Yr 13, will use the mocks to produce predicted grades for university applications.  More guidance about how we can communicate these to students without "telling them their TAG" is necessary.  It would clearly be ridiculous to give mock exams and then separate TAG-exams!

f.          Centres may wish to aim for a total assessment time that does not significantly exceed the total exam time for the specification.

g.         Students should be told before they take the assessment that their performance in the assessment would be used to inform their TAG if exams were cancelled to ensure they have time to prepare. They should be told the aspects of the content the assessment will cover, but not the specific questions.

h.         Students in the same centre cohort should be assessed using the same approach where possible and all the assessments taken should be used to determine the TAG (not just those in which students performed best). The centre will make the final judgement about what is to be used and will need to document the rationale for any instances where consistent evidence is not used for a whole class or cohort.

The suggestion is that we have three high-stakes exams to be taken during the academic year (one late autumn, one in spring, one in early summer).  If TAGs become necessary then these will all count, and there is no opportunity to pick the best result for each student from a range of data. 

This means students will need to treat these more seriously than they do normal mock exams, where often the first Yr 13 mock exam acts as a wake-up call to focus more, etc.  They will need to revise thoroughly as they would for a final exam, because it could end up counting as their final exam.  This means we will need to give full revision time and full exam preparation practice for these exams as if they were the real thing (because they might end up being just that), which will detract from teaching time and will give the students additional stress.  The final piece of evidence will be collected in the summer term, but in order for this whole process to be worth doing, exams themselves won’t be able to take place in, erm, the summer term.

Essentially, the proposals consist of the worst aspects of the old modular exams (the vast amounts of lost teaching time in preparing students to take them) without the benefits (the opportunity to resit them).

The really frustrating thing with the consultation is that it asks whether these suggested arrangements are better than those for summer 2021.  What the consultation ignores is the vast amount of additional work and worry that this will require, for something that can only possibly be used if schools close suddenly, just before the exams are due to take place. 

The consultation closes on 13 October, so please fill it in soon!

https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/contingency-arrangements-gcse-as-a-level-project-and-aea/contingency-arrangements-gcse-as-a-level-project-and-aea